The websites and applications that businesses give their customers are created using Java by organisations all around the world. Learning this programming language signifies that you have attained one of the requirements needed to be eligible for a profession in software or app development.
 
We'll talk about Java's fundamentals in this blog.
 

What is Java?

 
Sun Microsystems first launched Java, a well-known high-level, class-based object-oriented programming language, in 1995. Currently, more than 3 billion devices use Java, which is owned by Oracle. Several operating systems, including Windows, Mac OS, and several UNIX variations, are compatible with Java. Java is used to create a variety of applications, including desktop, web, mobile, and gaming software.
 

Why Learn Java?

 
For students and working professionals to succeed as exceptional software engineers, especially those in the software development field, Java is a MUST. If you will conduct a survey about the best programming language, Java is sure to come up.
 
Java is pretty easy to learn, so if you are starting to learn any programming language, then Java could be your great choice. There are a tonne of Java tools available as well, making it simple for beginners and developers to use. There are many other good reasons which make Java the first choice of any programmer:
 
• Since Java is open source, it can be downloaded for free.
• Straightforward and simple to learn is Java.
• Java is in great demand and offers a competitive wage.
• Java has a large, vibrant community
• Java has powerful development tools
• Java is platform independent
 

Java Syntax

 
Every programming language has unique guidelines that programmers must adhere to when creating programmes. The appropriate language compiler validates and checks your program's syntax. Java also offers a tonne of constructs and elements that help programmers create high-quality programmes more easily.
 
You were given a detailed understanding of the fundamental structure of a Java programme by the "Hello, World" programme in the previous course. Let's move on to the additional components and constructs that a Java application will include.
 

Java Conventions

 
Below are some of the conventions a Java programmer needs to follow while programming in Java.
 

(i) Class names

 
For each class name in Java, the initial letter must be capitalised. For instance, a class salary will be referred to as "Salary" in accordance with tradition.
 
Each letter in the first word of a class name that consists of more than one word will be capitalised.
Consider the class HelloWorld.
 

(ii) Method name

 
Java requires that every method name begin with a lowercase letter. In a method name with more than one word, the first letter of each inner word must be capitalised.
Examples of acceptable Java method names include display () and myMethod ().
 

(iii) Program file name

 
The filename of the Java program should correspond to the name of the public class with a ".java" extension.
For example, if the public class name is “MyFirstClass”, you save this code in the file named “MyFirstClass.java”.
You should keep in mind that Java source code may not contain any public classes. In that instance, the source file can have your name on it.
 

(iv) Case sensitive

 
Java programming language is case-sensitive. This means that ‘Hi’ and ‘hi’ are two different parameters.
 

(v) Main method

 
The method ‘main’ is the starting point of execution and is a required method in all Java programs.
 

Java identifiers

 
 
Identifiers are the names of various program components such as methods, classes, variables, objects, etc.
 
A Java programmer must adhere to the following rules for identifiers:
 
The identifier should always start with the letters (A-Z/a-z) or an underscore character (_), or a currency sign ($).
An identifier cannot have the same name as a reserved Java keyword.
Apart from the first character, the identifier can have any combination of characters.
In Java, as in the syntax of other languages, identifiers are case-sensitive.
 

Modifiers for Java

 
Modifiers change how variables, methods, etc. are available.
 
There are two types of modifiers in Java:
 

Modifiers for Access

 
In Java, there are four different types of access modifiers: public, protected, private, and default. They specify accessibility for classes, members of classes, and other things.
 

Non-access modifiers

 
Java supports non-access modifiers – final, abstract, and strictfp. They are mainly used to define inheritance, polymorphism style, etc.
 

Data types

 
Any variable that holds a value must have the type of the value it will hold, i.e., whether the variable will hold a number, a string, or a character. This is known as the data type of a variable.
 

What is Java used for?

 
Java can be used for many things:
 

Video games

 
 
When it comes to game development, programming languages like C# and C++ use game engines like Unity and Unreal Engine. On the other hand, Java is an excellent choice if you want to study graphics and game development from the ground up. There are many frameworks and libraries available such as LibGDX and OpenGL.
 

Web programs

 
 
Java is a well-known server-side programming language often used to create web applications. Spring, Struts, Hibernate, Apache Hadoop, and JSF are among the most popular Java frameworks for building web applications. Famous websites like LinkedIn, AliExpress, Amazon, and many others use Java as well.
 

Big data

 
 
Besides Python, which is used in Big Data, many other popular programming languages exist. Still, most programmers prefer Java when it comes to Big Data Technology. This is because the most famous big data tools like Hadoop and Deeplearning4j use Java and its community support is excellent for Big Data technology.
 

Internet of Things (IoT)

 
 
Developers frequently consider Java to be the best language for creating IoT devices.There are several factors behind this: first of all, it is a programming language that is platform agnostic. As a result, you only need to create the code once, which will work on different devices, reducing your overall burden.
 

Conclusion

 
This finishes our investigation of Java's fundamentals. As you can see, this well-known language has a wide variety of uses, a sizable support infrastructure, and a varied selection of libraries.
There are numerous benefits to beginning your Java studies. It is a skill that will always be in demand and is required in many different industries.